India Blue
(Perionyx excavatus) - A burrowing earthworm.
AKA: Spikes Tail or Spikes
This worm is known for it's mass migrations and has been found on top of buildings during rain storms. Some authors seem to think that it is the presence of a toxin produced by anaerobic bacteria that trigger this mass migration. This worm is a prolific breeder and consumes large amounts of organic waste. I sometimes use a combination of this species and the redworm (Eisenia foetida) in vermicomposting mixed produce waste. The redworms will consume feed that is below the surface as well as feed on the surface. Whereas the Perionyx is strictly a top feeder and if you cover the old feed with new feed, they will not consume the old feed and therefore the castings will not be pure. By the addition of the redworms you will end up with 95% to 99% pure castings. The Perionyx is often confused with the Redworm because their color is identical. The easiest way to identify them is to compare the location of the band (clitellum). The Perionyx clitellum is much closer to the front of the worm. When you are offered cheap redworms BEWARE, you may be getting redworms that are contaminated with these Perionyx which makes your market for these mixed worms very limited.
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Alabama Jumpers
(Pheretima) - A burrowing earthworm.
AKA: California Golden Giant, Florida Wiggler, Georgia Jumper, Brown Nose, Grays.
I don't know how this worm was dubbed a "Golden Giant" because it is not a giant and it is not gold. Maybe it's worth it's weight in gold to some folks but not me. The brown nose and the grays are strictly named for their appearance which varies because of the environmental conditions and may very well be a subspecies of the Alabama Jumper. I do not claim to be a taxonomist. This worm enjoys the tropical and subtropical areas but can escape the freezing weather of the Chattanooga TN area, and is also found in the temperate California climate. The Pheretima is the most widely distributed genus of the megascolecid group of earthworms. There are many peregrine species spread throughout the world.This is the only earthworm that is quite comfortable in sandy soils that has very little organic content. They do not pull their feed into their burrows, but feed on the surface organics and deposit their casts on the surface. Great for land reclamation in areas where there is plenty of shade and organic matter for them to consume. It may be anything from manures, food waste, leaves, etc...
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African Night Crawlers
(Eudrilus eugeniae) - A Burrowing earthworm
AKA: Japanese Tiger, Super Red, California Super Red
This worm is a very temperamental worm to raise and had the tendency to crawl for no particular reason. It is often used exclusively for the casting production market. The marketing of this worm for bait or for land reclamation has been very limited. It produces a very beautiful cast but it is no better than any other castings except for looks. This worm is often marketed as a Redworm to the unsuspecting bait dealer, but the fisherman always knows the difference. It is very costly to hold these worms between 70 and 80 degrees to promote capsule production. They are very prolific breeders.
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